La idea de que el cuerpo (σῶμα) es una tumba (σῆμα) donde el alma permanece encerrada cumpliendo un castigo por una antigua culpa es transmitida por Platón, quien la atribuye a los órficos. Filón de Alejandría utilizó en diversos pasajes de su obra esta metáfora de procedencia órfica. Nuestro interés consiste en analizar el sentido que Filón le asigna y el modo en que reelabora el significado que le fue asignado en la tradición órfica y en la interpretación platónica. Intentaremos (...) mostrar que Filón utiliza la metáfora de dos maneras distintas que manifiestan la fuerte ambivalencia existente en su pensamiento respecto de la valoración del cuerpo humano. The idea that the body (σῶμα) is a tomb (σῆμα) where the soul remains confined as a punishment for an ancient fault is transmitted by Plato, who attributes it to the orphics. Philo of Alexandria made use of this metaphor of orphic origin in various passages of his work. Our interest is to analyze the sense that Philo assigns to it and the way in which he reelaborates the meaning that was ascribed to it in orphic tradition and in the platonic interpretation. We will try to demonstrate that Philo uses the metaphor in two different ways that show the strong ambivalence existing in his thought with respect to the value of the human body. (shrink)

Nieto Blanco, Carlos El mundo desde dentro: El pensamiento de José Ferrater MoraSevilla: Renacimiento. Iluminaciones, 520 p.ISBN 9788418387418.

Reseña de: Florencia Abadi. El sacrificio de Narciso. Buenos Aires: Hecho Atómico, 2018.

Investigaciones de arqueología histórica iniciadas en 2018 en el municipio de Lanús permitieron identificar un conjunto de terrenos que fueron propiedad de Anacarsis Lanús (considerado fundador del partido homónimo de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) y detectar su cercanía con el expresidente de la Nación, Bartolomé Mitre. Este artículo propone explorar la relación de amistad, con aspectos políticos y económicos, que unió a ambas personalidades durante el momento de formación del Estado moderno argentino, con el fin de aproximarnos a (...) los motivos que llevaron al auge y al ocaso del Sr. Lanús y que de alguna manera incidieron sobre sus propiedades e imagen dentro del actual partido. Se concluye que el acercamiento entre ambas personalidades tuvo aspectos rentables para ambos, pero al mismo tiempo se intercaló con situaciones infructuosas, que, si bien no resultaron en los motivos de la declinación económica de Anacarsis Lanús, sí impactaron negativamente sobre ella y sobre su imagen. El fraccionamiento y la venta de sus terrenos y propiedades son el resultado de una serie de problemas financieros y monetarios, que llevaron tanto a la urbanización de un sector del municipio como a dejar en las sombras parte de su historia y la de su familia. (shrink)

Este trabajo estudia las transformaciones de las operaciones productivas y receptivas del arte contemporáneo a partir de sus encuentros y desencuentros con la tecnociencia. Se advierte que la creciente inespecificidad de la esfera del arte, sus relaciones controvertidas con el pasado artístico y con las formas técnicas de la memoria, sus efectos en las configuraciones del sistema perceptivo humano, modifican los conceptos de arte, así como su función social. Se sostiene, además, que estas mutaciones dan lugar a una meta-reflexión estética, (...) epistemológica y política sobre la propia condición humana en sus complejos vínculos con el sistema tecnocientífico e industrial. (shrink)

Este trabajo se propone examinar algunas características de la máscara del coquus en el corpus plautino. En primer término, se estudia el modo en que este personaje, a partir de las referencias al castigo físico y a la pasividad sexual, es construido como un cuerpo subordinado al servicio de otros. Luego, se consideran sus apariciones como ladrón y como proveedor de placeres corporales. Proponemos que la forma en que los cocineros son representados en la palliata de Plauto pone en evidencia (...) el vínculo que la axiología republicana establece entre actores sociales subalternos, corporalidad y amenaza a los mores maiorum. This paper examines some characteristics of the coquus mask in the plautine corpus. First, we study how this character, from references to physical punishment and sexual passivity, is built as a subordinate body to the service of others. Then, we consider his appearances as a thief and a provider of bodily pleasures. We propose that the way cooks are represented in Plautus' palliata shows us the link established by Republican axiology between subaltern social actors, body and threat to mores maiorum. (shrink)

Different theoretical models have proposed cognitive and affective components in empathy and moral judgments encompassing compassion. Furthermore, gender differences in psychological and neural functions involving empathic and moral processing, as well as compassionate experiences, have been reported. However, the neurobiological function regarding affective and cognitive integration underlying compassion and gender-associated differences has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to examine the interaction between cognitive and emotional components through functional connectivity analyzes and to explore gender differences for the recruitment (...) and interaction of these components. Thirty-six healthy participants were exposed to social images in an fMRI session to judge whether the stimuli elicited compassion. The results showed a different connectivity pattern for women and men of the insular cortex, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the cingulate cortex. The integration of affective and cognitive components follows a complex functional connectivity pattern that is different for both genders. These differences may indicate that men largely make compassionate judgments based on contextual information, while women tend to notably take internal and introspective processes into account. Women and men can use different affective and cognitive routes that could converge in similar learning of moral values, empathic experiences and compassionate acts. (shrink)

A lo largo de este artículo se va a tratar de analizar la concepción del Romanticismo propuesta por Flaubert. En ella, a raíz del viaje a Oriente entre 1849 y 1851, se produce un cambio que hace constituir a la tarea del literato, artista o filósofo romántico en una tarea en la que la cuestión fundamental de la Estética y del Arte debe mezclarse con la tarea Ética y de pensamiento de la Política para la sociedad del futuro.  .

Partimos de unas reflexiones sobre el Racionalismo y el Historicismo como dos enfoques con perfiles epistemológicos claramente diferenciados, que llevan a quien en ellos se sitúe a muy diversos planteamientos respecto a cualquier cuestión de carácter social. Examinamos el alcance y potencial de ambos en su argumentación cuando pretenden dar cuenta del origen de la sociedad política y todo lo que ello representa, instituciones, valores… Esbozada esta cuestión se recala en el análisis jovellanista de la mujer. Jovellanos conoce bien ambos (...) enfoques, sus lecturas de los autores aquí citados están plenamente contrastadas y no son objeto de este trabajo; apuesta por el enfoque historicista inglés para comprender el rol femenino, para situar a las instituciones que le niegan su ingreso en su decurso histórico, y curiosamente convierte el modelo historicista en una vía de análisis y acceso a propuestas de una extraordinaria modernidad. Analizamos desde estos enfoques los planes de estudio en los que estamos inmersos. (shrink)

El propósito del artículo es reflexionar sobre las políticas públicas implementadas desde el gobierno nacional hacia los movimientos sociales en el contexto argentino actual. El interés es debatir la influencia de los programas sociales –en particular el Programa de Ingreso Social con Trabajo (en adelante PAT)– en la situación de los jóvenes de sectores urbanos populares. Lo haremos a partir de abordar la compleja relación entre los emprendimientos cooperativos, las políticas de subsidio y las estrategias de los jóvenes participantes en (...) una experiencia territorial. La base empírica resulta de una investigación cualitativa con militantes de un movimiento de trabajadores desocupados. Los hallazgos dan cuenta de múltiples tensiones; mientras que su adscripción a la acción colectiva promueve la autogestión y mediatiza el acceso a planes sociales, como componentes de la fuerza de trabajo en período activo y de formación, los trabajadores desocupados siguen ubicados en posiciones marginales respecto al mercado de empleo. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the public policies implemented from the national government to the social movements in Argentina’s current context. The interest is to discuss the influence of social programs, including Social Program Income through Work (hereafter pat) in the situation of young people from urban areas. We will address it from the complex relationship established among cooperative ventures, social policies and strategies of the young participants in a territorial experience. The empirical basis is a qualitative research with a militant movement of unemployed workers. The findings realize multiple stresses; while its allegiance to collective action promotes self–management and mediates access to social programs as components of the active labor force and training period, which are located in marginal positions on the labor market. (shrink)

El artículo presenta avances de una investigación realizada en San Carlos de Bariloche por un equipo de profesoras y estudiantes del IFDC Bariloche: "Condiciones que favorecen y obstaculizan la inclusión educativa de jóvenes y adultos/as con discapacidad intelectual en educación primaria, secundaria y técnico-profesional en San Carlos de Bariloche". Se comparten aportes jurídico-normativos, dimensiones del marco teórico, y avances a partir del análisis de entrevistas iniciales a equipos directivos, docentes, y a un estudiante con DI. Finalmente, se exponen facilitadores y (...) barreras para la inclusión educativa y social, y aportes para la discusión acerca de la temática. (shrink)

The problem of identity constructions of young people who choose teacher training involves a dual problem. First, it is necessary to characterize these young people, analyze their role in society, observing its context. Secondly, we have to explain why they choose to be teachers in their training, in the future, and will enroll in a racing Faculty of Social Sciences at the University regional, little tradition, located in a city average. These tasks define the problem that is presented in this (...) article. (shrink)

The field of Neuroscience has experienced a growing interest in recent decades, which has led to an exponential growth in the amount of related information made available online as well as the market for Neuroscience-related courses. While this type of knowledge can be greatly beneficial to people working in science, health and education, it can also benefit individuals in other areas. For example, neuroscience knowledge can help people from all fields better understand and critique information about new discoveries or products, (...) and even make better education- and health-related decisions. Online platforms are fertile ground for the creation and spread of fake information, including misrepresentations of scientific knowledge or new discoveries. These types of false information, once spread, can be difficult to tear down and may have widespread negative effects. For example, even scientists are less likely to access retractions of peer-reviewed articles than the original discredited articles. In this study we surveyed general knowledge about neuroscience and the brain among volunteers in Brazil, Latin America’s largest country. We were interested in evaluating the prevalence of neuromyths in this region, and test whether knowledge/neuromyth endorsement differs by age, region, and/or profession. To that end, we created a 30-item survey that was anonymously answered online by 1128 individuals. While younger people generally responded more accurately than people 60 and older, people in the North responded significantly worse than those in the South and Southeast. Most interestingly, people in the biological sciences consistently responded best, but people in the health sciences responded no better than people in the exact sciences or humanities. Furthermore, years of schooling did not correlate with performance, suggesting that quantity may surpass quality when it comes to extension or graduate-level course offerings. We discuss how our findings can help guide efforts toward improving access to quality information and training in the region. (shrink)

Debido a sus aportaciones, Lutero representaría un personaje clave para entender el inicio de la modernidad, aunque las líneas religiosas de su pensamiento no corresponden con los principios de este movimiento, ya que su propuesta sometía toda facultad humana a la fe, rechazando la razón como principio rector de la voluntad. No obstante, en su alzamiento, el agustino no se percató de lo racional que fue su proceder a través de las acciones tomadas para impulsar su reforma, dejando ver que, (...) por encima de lo religioso, las iniciativas de Lutero, representan una búsqueda de alternativas expresadas racionalmente. (shrink)

Ethical banking, microfinance institutions or certain credit cooperatives, among others, grant socially responsible loans. This paper presents a credit score system for them. The model evaluates social and financial aspects of the borrower. The financial aspects are evaluated under the conventional banking framework, by analysing accounting statements and financial projections. The social aspects try to quantify the loan impact on the achievement of Millennium Development Goals such as employment, education, environment, health or community impact. The social credit score model should (...) incorporate the lender’s know-how and should also be coherent with its mission. This is done using Multi-Criteria Decision Making. The paper illustrates a real case: a loan application by a social entrepreneur presented to a socially responsible lender. The decision support system not only produces a score, but also reveals strengths and weaknesses of the application. (shrink)

Por una lectura moderna del último modernista.

Este artículo visibiliza la centralidad de la dimensión ética en la investigación sociológica. En la primera sección se analizan los antecedentes de las preocupación es éticas en la investigación social. Para ello, se rastrea la emergencia del campo de la bioética en Europa Occidental y Estados Unidos después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la creación de Códigos y Declaraciones Éticos y la institucionalización de mecanismos regulatorios del quehacer investigativo por medio de la creación de Comités Éticos en organizaciones de distinto (...) tipo. Luego, se identifican tres temas cruciales en la literatura sobre ética e investigación social a nivel internacional: el consentimiento informado, el anonimato y la confidencialidad. Finalmente, se examina cómo algunas organizaciones científicas y profesionales argentinas re-localizan estas problemáticas centrales. Este artículo argumenta que existe un marginal aunque creciente interés en torno a las consideraciones éticas en Argentina. Sin embargo, este interés parece más producto de la incorporación de códigos y lineamientos internacionales que el resultado de una reflexión colectiva (al menos en el caso de los sociólogos) en torno a los dilemas éticos que éstos deben enfrentar cotidianamente en su ejercicio profesional. (shrink)

Differences in Common engages in the ongoing debate on ‘community’ focusing on its philosophical and political aspects through a gendered perspective. It explores the subversive and enriching potential of the concept of community, as seen from the perspective of heterogeneity and distance, and not from homogeneity and fused adhesions. This theoretical reflection is, in most of the essays included here, based on the analysis of literary and filmic texts, which, due to their irreducible singularity, teach us to think without being (...) tied, or needing to resort, to commonplaces. Philosophers such as Arendt, Blanchot, Foucault, Agamben or Derrida have made seminal reflections on community, often inspired by contemporary historical events and sometimes questioning the term itself. More recently, thinkers like Judith Butler, Gayatri Spivak or Rada Ivekovic—included in this volume are essays by all three—have emphasized the gender bias in the debate, also problematizing the notion of community. Most of the essays gathered in Differences in Common conceive community not as the affirmation of several properties which would unite us to other similar individuals, but as the “expropriation” of ourselves (Esposito), in an intimate diaspora. Community does not fill the gap between subjects but places itself in this gap or void. This conception stresses the subject’s vulnerability, a topic which is also central to this volume. The body of community is thus opened by a “wound” (Cixous) which exposes us to the contagion of otherness. The essays collected here reflect on different topics related to these issues, such as: gender and nation; nationalism, internationalism, transnationalism; nationalism’s naturalization of citizenship and the exclusion of women from citizenship; the violent consequences of a gendered nation on women’s bodies; gendering community; preservation of difference(s) within the community; bodily vulnerability and new politics; community and mourning; community and the politics of memory; fiction, historical truth and (fake) documentary; love, relationality and community; interpretive communities and virtual communities on the Web, among others. Joana Sabadell-Nieto is Professor of Contemporary Spanish Literature (Gender and Feminist Studies) at Hamilton College (USA) and Researcher at the Center for Women and Literature at the University of Barcelona. Marta Segarra is Professor of French and Francophone literature and Gender Studies at the University of Barcelona (Spain), Director of the UNESCO Chair Women, Development and Cultures and co-founder and director of the Center for Women and Literature (2003-2012). (shrink)

Volume 31, Issue 4, December 2017, Page 429-432.

BackgroundCurrently, most people who might need mental health care services do not receive them due to a number of reasons. Many of these reasons can be overcome by telepsychology, in other words, the use of ICT technologies for therapy ; given that it facilitates access to specialized interventions. In fact, telepsychology is currently offered as an active service in many psychotherapy centers. However, its usage, how it is perceived, and who uses it are still largely unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this study (...) was to determine if any pattern exists in the usage of telepsychology and face-to-face psychology, to clarify people’s perception of telepsychology in terms of the advantages, barriers and efficacy of online psychotherapy, and to examine usage patterns in terms of individual characteristics and identify patients’ profiles.MethodsAn online survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 514 subjects recluted by using an online advertisement. The inclusion criteria were: to be older than 18 years old and to answer completely the questionnaire. Cluster analysis, ANOVAs, and discriminant analysis were performed to test our research objectives.ResultsThree usage clusters were found: face-to-face psychotherapy ; non-therapy ; and combined face-to-face psychotherapy and telepsychology. In addition, the perception of telepsychology varied among usage clusters, but a common perception emerged about the main telepsychology advantages, barriers and efficacy. Finally, the results showed that personal characteristics differentiated people in each of these clusters.ConclusionThe most common form of access to psychotherapy is the face-to-face form but the second way of delivery was a combination between face to face and online psychotherapy. People who combine face to face with online psychotherapy perceives this last as more efficient and with less barriers to access. Finally, some characteristic as eHealth experience and sociodemographic variables can help to identify people that will attend telepsychology initiatives. These clusters provide insight into opportunities for face-to-face and online patient engagement strategies. (shrink)

Banking firms are becoming increasingly aware that their clients’ management of environmental and social risks may in term threaten their own business as lenders and investors. In addition, stakeholders are requiring banks to improve their social performance. As a result, some banks are developing corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and management systems to reduce potential risks and improve their performance. In the Spanish financial system, half of the banking firms are savings banks, most of which have always used some Corporate (...) Social Responsibility (CSR) criteria in their management. Private Banks have only recently started to integrate social aspects in their performance. However, no formal analysis has been carried out on the impact of CSR strategies. Various initiatives have been launched nationally and internationally to include the social dimension in management systems. The purpose of this research is to analyse the social performance of the main Spanish financial companies through public data such as social or sustainability reports and media sources. In order to do this, we need to determine which CSR criteria most greatly affect banking firms and to choose the most accurate quantitative and qualitative indicators to measure social performance. (shrink)

RESUMENLa analogía de Ortega del actor arrojado a un escenario no supone, como se ha sugerido en distintos trabajos, la inclusión de su metafísica en el entorno del tópico que entiende el mundo como un teatro. La identificación del individuo con un actor que debe transformarse en el personaje que perfila su vocación implica una concepción de mi vida, entendida como creación propia, opuesta a la del theatrum mundi, donde al actor le es asignado un papel ya escrito que debe (...) representar dócilmente. Con todo, su definición del actor como metáfora corporizada converge –o puede llegar a converger- con su noción metafísica del hombre como existencial metáfora. Aunque Ortega no es explícito en este punto.PALABRAS CLAVE«IDEA DEL TEATRO», THEATRUM MUNDI, VOCACIÓN, RES DRAMÁTICA, METÁ- FORA CORPORIZADAABSTRACTOrtega’s analogy of the actor who is thrown into a scenario does not imply the inclusion of his metaphysics in the literary topic that understands the world as a theatre. Ortega identifies the person as an actor who must become the character that his vocation writes. This implies a conception of «my life», understood as my creation, which is contrary to the Theatrum Mundi’s, in which the actor is assigned a previously written role. However his definition of the actor as embodied metaphor could converge with its metaphysical notion of man as an existential metaphor. Ortega is not explicit on this point, though.KEYWORDS«THE IDEA OF THEATRE», THEATRUM MUNDI, VOCATION, RES DRAMATICA, EMBODIED METAPHOR. (shrink)

El coloquio-conversatorio Memorias sonoras, prisión política y dictaduras en el Cono Sur. Reflexiones trasandinas sensibles se desarrolló el día 11 de septiembre de 2021, día de conmemoración de las víctimas de violencias políticas durante la dictadura militar chilena. Fue organizado por la línea Arte y Política del Núcleo de Sociología del Arte y las Prácticas Culturales de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile, y contó con la participación de expositoras chilenas y argentinas: Analía Lutowicz, Victoria (...) Polti, Katia Chornik y Francisca Cornejo. A continuación, presentamos tres de las ponencias propuestas para el conversatorio: “Memorias de canciones de Violeta Parra y la Nueva Canción Chilena en mujeres ex presas políticas en la cárcel del Buen Pastor de Valparaíso durante la dictadura militar chilena” a cargo de Francisca Cornejo, “La memoria sonora de las experiencias concentracionarias en Argentina. Escuchando las miradas que construyen los relatos del Terrorismo de Estado durante la última dictadura cívico-militar”, a cargo de Analía Lutowicz y “La performatividad del sonido y la escucha en contextos concentracionarios” de Victoria Polti. (shrink)